Facts about GLP-1/GIP agonist- Tirzepatide
Oct 29, 2025
GLP-1's have gotten a bad reputation due to abuse of the medication. When treatment is not properly guided with nutritional and training support- the results can be devastating with an inability to ever stop the medication. However, the medication is powerful at treating and curing so many issues. We have had patients stop all blood pressure medications and statins. Below is a concise, evidence-based table of medical benefits for dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists (currently tirzepatide — Mounjaro® / Zepbound®). Benefits are grouped by FDA-approved vs. strong off-label / emerging uses. All data from phase 3 RCTs (SURPASS, SURMOUNT) and 2023–2025 meta-analyses.
Benefit | Details & Evidence | FDA-Approved? |
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) Glycemic Control | ↓ HbA1c 1.8–2.4% (5–15 mg doses) ↓ Fasting glucose 50–70 mg/dL ↑ Time-in-range (CGM) SURPASS-1 to -5 (NEJM 2021–2023) | Yes |
Weight Loss (Obesity / Overweight + Comorbidity) | ↓ 15–22.5% body weight at 72 weeks (15 mg) ↑ ≥15% loss in 55–70% of patients SURMOUNT-1 (NEJM 2022), SURMOUNT-3/4 (2024) | Yes (Zepbound®) |
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction | ↓ MACE (MI, stroke, CV death) by 20% (HR 0.80) in T2D + ASCVD ↓ LDL-C 5–10%, ↓ triglycerides 20–25%, ↑ HDL-C 5–8% SURPASS-CVOT interim (ADA 2025) | Pending full CVOT(expected 2026) Label includes CV risk factor improvement |
NAFLD / MASH (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis) | ↓ Liver fat 30–50% (MRI-PDFF) ↓ ALT/AST 20–40% ↑ Fibrosis improvement (biopsy) in 40–60% SYNERGY-NASH phase 2 (Lancet 2024) | Phase 3 ongoing (results 2026) |
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) + Obesity | ↓ HF hospitalizations + CV death by 38% ↑ 6MWD +30 m, ↓ KCCQ score +8–10 STEP-HFpEF (NEJM 2023) | Off-label / guideline consideration |
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) | ↓ Weight 12–18%, ↓ androgens, ↑ menstrual regularity ↓ insulin resistance (HOMA-IR 50%) Small RCTs + meta (JCEM 2024) | No |
Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Obesity | ↓ AHI by 25–30 events/hr (moderate-severe OSA) ↑ Daytime function (ESS score) SURMOUNT-OSA (NEJM 2024) | FDA-approved adjunct(Zepbound®) |
Kidney Protection (CKD + T2D/Obesity) | ↓ eGFR slope decline by 2–3 mL/min/1.73m²/yr ↓ UACR 30–40% FLOW trial sub-analysis (Kidney Int 2025) | Emerging |
Neuroprotection / Cognition | ↓ Brain atrophy rate (MRI) in obesity ↑ Executive function(small pilot) Preclinical + observational (Alzheimer’s & Dementia 2024) | Investigational |
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